Abstract
This paper explores how working from home has impacted leaders and the workforce in corporate environments during the pandemic, how these experiences might influence the workplace of the future, and what role coaching could play to foster skill development in the 21st century workplace. Before the pandemic, plenty of research had already been done on what factors influence well-being and engagement in the workplace. Models explaining the elements of well-being and engagement, as well as, tools to measure their existence or the lack of have been reviewed, tested, and validated. We know little at this point about what combinations of factors caused the decline in well-being and engagement during the pandemic, and what skills in leaders, or requirements for the workplace would be necessary to hone and implement, to improve the situation of well-being and engagement in future work environments. This paper explores how coaching could support leaders in the 21st century workplace. The business world is facing challenges while moving into post-pandemic workplace scenarios. The plurality of interests increases the complexity of the topic. The literature on well-being and engagement has been reviewed. Data that was collected during the pandemic by different organisations and conclusions drawn from these were compared with what the literature says and it was combined with experiences the author made in the field while coaching leaders and their teams in corporate environments during the pandemic. This paper concludes with a recommendation on how to enhance coaching skills among leaders and to build their knowledge and literacy in the field of coaching, to result in positive effects on workplace well-being and engagement in contemporary work environments.
References
Anders, G., Amini, F., August, C., Baym, N., Cain, D., Chinnasamy, A., Donohue, M., Godfrey, M. E., Hoak, A., Jaffe, S., Kimbrough, K., Larson, J., Lorenzetti Soper, L., Martin, R., McConnaughey, H., Moutrey, G., Pokorny, L., Raghavan, S., Rintel, S., Stallbaumer, C., Stocks, K., Titsworth, D., & Voelker, J. (2021). The Next Great Disruption Is Hybrid Work – Are We Ready? (2021) Work Trend Index: Annual Report, Issue. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/worklab/work-trend-index/hybrid-work
Arcidiacono, C., & Martino, S. D. (2016). A critical analysis of happiness and well-being. Where we stand now, where we need to go. Community Psychology in Global Perspective, 2(1), 6-35. https://doi.org/10.1285/i24212113v2i1p6
Bartik, A. W., Cullen, Z. B., Glaeser, E. L., Luca, M., & Stanton, C. T. (2020). What Jobs are Being done at Home during the COVID-19 Crisis? Evidence from Firm-Level Surveys. National Bureau of Economic Research.
Berinato, S. (2020). What is an office for? Harvard Business Review.
Bernstein, E., Blunden, H., Brodsky, A., Sohn, W., & Waber, B. (2020). The Implications of Working without an Office. Harvard Business Review.
Bondanini, G., Giorgi, G., Ariza-Montes, A., Vega-Muñoz, A., Andreucci-Annunziata, P. (2020). Technostress Dark Side of Technology in the Workplace: A Scientometric Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218013
Campbell, M., & Gavett, G. (2021). What Covid-19 has done to our Well-Being, in 12 Charts. Harvard Business Review.
Christian, M. S., & Slaughter, J. E. (2007, August). Work engagement: A meta-analytic review and directions for research in an emerging area. https://doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2007.26536346
Desilver, D. (2020). Before the coronavirus, telework was an optional benefit, mostly for the affluent few. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/03/20/before-the-coronavirus-telework-was-an-optional-benefit-mostly-for-the-affluent-few/
Ellinger, A., Beattie, R., & Hamlin, R. (2014). The Manager as Coach (E. Cox, T. Bachkirva, & D. Clutterbuck, Eds. The Complete Handbook of Coaching ed.). Sage Publications.
Ernst Kossek, E., Schwind Wilson, K., & Mechem Rosokha, L. (2020). What Working Parents Need from Their Managers. Harvard Business Review. https://doi.org/https://hbr.org/2020/11/what-working-parents-need-from-their-managers
Franzen-Waschke, U. (2020). On The Precipice Of A Culture Shift, Adaptation May Come At Warp Speed. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbescoachescouncil/2020/05/19/on-the-precipice-of-a-culture-shift-adaptation-may-come-at-warp-speed/
Franzen-Waschke, U. (2021). Working from home in 2020 - Lessons learned to leverage these learnings going forward as emerging leaders and a remote office workforce. GiLE4Youth International Conference, The Development of Competencies for Employability
Glaser J.E. (2014). Conversational Intelligence: How great leaders build trust and get extraordinary results. Bibliomotion.
Globalization Partners. (2021). How to make the hybrid model work for your team. https://www.globalization-partners.com/resources/ebook-how-to-make-the-hybrid-model-work-for-your-team/
Goodman, F., Disabato, D., Kashdan, T., & Kauffman, S. (2017). Measuring well-being: A comparison of subjective well- being and PERMA. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2017.1388434
Grant, A. M., & Greene, J. (2001). Coach Yourself: Make real changes in your life. Momentum Press.
Grant, A. M., & Palmer, S. (2002). Coaching Psychology (workshop and meeting). Annual Conference of the Division of Counselling Psychology, British Psychological Society, Torquay, UK.
Griffin, J. (2021). Key considerations for returning to offices post-Covid. Securityinfowatch.com, NA. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A655073316/ITOF?u=chesterc&sid=summon&xid=57ab170d
Hempel, J. (2021). Work-Life Balance In The Great Re-Norming.
Jarosz, J. (2021). The impact of coaching on well-being and performance of managers and their teams during pandemic. International Journal of Evidence Based Coaching and Mentoring, 19(1), 4-27. https://doi.org/10.24384/n5ht-2722
Kane, P. (2021). The Great Resignation Is Here, and It's Real Inc.Com. https://www.inc.com/phillip-kane/the-great-resignation-is-here-its-real.html
Kelly, J. (2021). WeWork’s New CEO Says ‘Uberly Engaged’ Employees Will Return To The Office While Others Will Be ‘Very Comfortable’At Home. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/jackkelly/2021/05/13/weworks-new-ceo-says-uberly-engaged-employees-will-return-to-the-office-while-others-will-be-very-comfortableat-home/
Kowalski, T. H. P., & Loretto, W. (2017). Well-being and HRM in the changing workplace. International journal of human resource management, 28(16), 2229-2255. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2017.1345205
Kuntz, J. C. (2021). Resilience in Times of Global Pandemic: Steering Recovery and Thriving Trajectories. Applied psychology, 70(1), 188-215. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12296
Ladyshewsky, R., & Taplin, R. (2017). Employee perceptions of managerial coaching and work engagement using the Measurement Model of Coaching Skills and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. International Journal of Evidence Based Coaching and Mentoring, 15(2).
Litchfield, P., Cooper, C., Hancock, C., & Watt, P. (2016). Work and Wellbeing in the 21st Century. International journal of environmental research and public health, 13(11), 1065. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13111065
Manganelli, L., Thibault-Landry, A., Forest, J., & Carpentier, J. (2018). Self-Determination Theory Can Help You Generate Performance and Well-Being in the Workplace: A Review of the Literature. Advances in developing human resources, 20(2), 227-240. https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422318757210
McDermott, M., Levenson, A., & Newton, S. (2007). What coaching can and cannot do for your organisation. Human Resource Planning, 30, 30-38.
McGovern, J., Lindemann, M., Vergara, M., Murphy, S., Barker, L., & Warrenfeltz, R. (2001). Maximizing the Impact of Executive Coaching: Behavioral Change, Organizational Outcomes, and Return on Investment. The Manchester Review, 6(1), 1-9.
Milasi, S., González-Vázquez, I., & Fernández-Macías, E. (2020). Telework in the EU before and after the COVID-19: where we were, where we head to. J. R. C. The European Commission’s Science and Knowledge Service. https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/sites/default/files/jrc120945_policy_brief_-_covid_and_telework_final.pdf
Mortensen, M. (2021). Figure Out the Right Hybrid Work Strategy for Your Company. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2021/06/figure-out-the-right-hybrid-work-strategy-for-your-company (H06F3Z) (HBR.org)
Mortensen, M., & Gardner, H. K. (2021). WFH Is Corroding Our Trust in Each Other. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2021/02/wfh-is-corroding-our-trust-in-each-other
Moss Kanter, R. (2009). Change Is Hardest in the Middle. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2009/08/change-is-hardest-in-the-middl
O’Connor, S., & Cavanagh, M. (2013). The coaching ripple effect: The effects of developmental coaching on wellbeing across organisational networks. Psychology or Well-Being: Theory, Research and Practice, 3(2), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1186/2211-1522-3-2
Oades, L. G., Jarden, A., Hou, H., Ozturk, C., Williams, P. R., Slemp, G., & Huang, L. (2021). Wellbeing Literacy: A Capability Model for Wellbeing Science and Practice. Public Health 2021, 18(719), 12. https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020719
Rothbard, N. P. (2020). Building Work-Life Boundaries in the WFH Era. Harvard Business Review.
Shuck, B. (2011). Integrative Literature Review: Four Emerging Perspectives of Employee Engagement: An Integrative Literature Review. 10(Generic), 304-328. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484311410840
Seligman, M. (2018). PERMA and the building blocks of well-being. The Journal of Positive Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2018.1437466
Singer-Velush, N., Kevin, S., & Erik, A. (2020). Microsoft Analyzed Data on its newly remote workforce. Harvard Business Review.
Smith, J., & Garriety, S. (2020). The art of flexibility: bridging five generations in the workforce. Emerald Publishing Ltd., 19(3), 107-110. https://doi.org/10.1108/SHR-01-2020-0005 (Stratigic HR Review)
Truss, C., Alfes, K., Delbridge, R., Shantz, A., & Soane, E. (2014). What is engagement? In Employee Engagement in theory and practice (pp. 29-49). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203076965-10
Truss, C., Delbridge, R., Alfes, K., Shantz, A., & Soane, E. (2014). Employee engagement in theory and practice. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203076965
Vogt, E. E., Brown, J., & Isaacs, D. (2003). The art of powerful questions: Catalyzing insight, innovation, and action. Whole Systems Associates.
Vogel, S., & Breitenbroich, M. (2020). Industrial relations and social dialogue Germany: Working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020. https://www.eurofound.europa.eu/de/publications/other/2021/working-life-in-the-covid-19-pandemic-2020
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2021 Ute Franzen-Waschke