Abstract
This small-scale study investigates how the flipped approach to learning helped a UK university teaching team deliver the Pre-sessional English for Academic Purposes (EAP) course remotely during the pandemic. The study draws on the theoretical framework of the flipped approach to learning to explore the use of the approach in the Higher Education (HE) context. The study suggests that the flipped approach to learning may be helpful in the delivery of pre-sessional EAP courses remotely as it offers students opportunities to engage in communicative activities and encourages independent learning and autonomy, both of which are key practices in EAP. However, teachers may find the approach challenging if they cannot monitor students’ work or connect with them while completing the flipped activities. Only a few studies have focused on this issue to date. Further research involving more teachers and students is recommended to provide additional insights on this aspect of teaching remotely.
References
Antoniou, C. (2021). Responding to the COVID-19 challenges: The case of a small EAP team and ways forward. In: L. Blaj-Ward, K. Hultgren, R. Arnold & B. Reichard (Eds.), Narratives of innovation and resilience: Supporting student learning experiences in challenging times. BALEAP: The Global Forum for EAP Professionals. (pp. 68-74). Renfrew.
Bakogiannis, A. (2021). Technology-enhanced dialogic feedback: Supporting feedback engagement in challenging times. In: L. Blaj-Ward, K. Hultgren, R. Arnold & B. Reichard (Eds.), Narratives of innovation and resilience: Supporting student learning experiences in challenging times. BALEAP: The Global Forum for EAP Professionals. (pp. 48-67). Renfrew.
Bell, J. (2010). Doing your Research Project. A guide for first-time researchers in education, health and social science. 5th Edition. Open University Press.
Bergmann, J., & Sams, A. (2012). Flip your classroom: reach every student in every class every day. International Society for Technology in Education.
Bergmann, J., Overmeyer, J., & Wilie, B. (2013). The flipped class: Myth vs. reality.
http://www.thedailyriff.com/articles/the-flipped-class-conversation-689.php
Bishop, J. L., & Verleger, M. A. (2013). The flipped classroom: A survey of the research. Paper presented at the 120th American Society of Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition, Atlanta, GA.
Bozkurt, A., & Sharma, R. C. (2020). Emergency remote teaching in a time of global crisis due to Corona Virus pandemic. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), i-vi. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3778083
Braun, V., & Clark, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Bruce, E., & Stakounis, H. (2021). The impact of Covid-19 on the UK EAP sector during the initial six months of the pandemic. BALEAP.
Campillo-Ferrer, J. M., & Miralles-Martínez, P. (2021). Effectiveness of the flipped classroom model on students’ self-reported motivation and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 8(2021), 176. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00860-4
Flipped Learning Network (FLN). (2014). The Four Pillars of F-L-I-PTM. https://flippedlearning.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/FLIP_handout_FNL_Web.pdf
Golden, C. (2020). Remote teaching: The glass-half-full.
https://er.educause.edu/blogs/2020/3/remote-teaching-the-glass-half-full.
Hendrie, P., & Tibbetts, N. (2021). In-sessional EAP in the time of COVID: Adapting in-sessional EAP provision, delivering online tutorials and refining the course evaluation process. In: L. Blaj-Ward, K. Hultgren, R. Arnold & B. Reichard (Eds.), Narratives of innovation and resilience: Supporting student learning experiences in challenging times. BALEAP: The Global Forum for EAP Professionals. (pp. 13-22). Renfrew.
Higher Education Academy. (2017). Flipped Learning. https://www.heacademy.ac.uk/knowledgehub/flipped-learning-0
Hodges, C., Moore, S., Lockee, B., Trust, T., & Bond, A. (2020). The Difference Between Emergency Remote Teaching and Online Learning. Educause Review. https://er.educause.edu/articles/2020/3/the-difference-between-emergency-remote-teaching-and-online-learning
Ishkova, M., Loh, V., White, G., Lawton, O., Tyson, J., Fung, H., & Askovic, M. (2021). To Flip or not to Flip? Reflecting on PALPable outcomes of flipping the classroom during the pandemic. JPAAP, 9(2), 146-158. https://doi.org/10.14297/jpaap.v9i2.492
Kerr, P. (2020). Flipped Learning in ELT. Cambridge University Press.
MacDiarmid, C., & Rolinska, A. (2021). Harnessing online course development skills: A crisis-prompted but carefully planned EAP course. JPAAP, 9(2), 159-168. https://doi.org/10.14297/jpaap.v9i2.490
Nottingham Trent University. (2013). Centre for Academic Development and Quality Guide: The Flipped Classroom. https://www4.ntu.ac.uk/adq/document_uploads/teaching/154084.pdf
Nordmann, E., Horlin, C., Hutchison, J., Murray, J-A., Robson, L., Seery, M. K., & MacKay, J. R. D. (2020). Ten simple rules for supporting a temporary online switch in higher education. PLOS Computational Biology, 16(10), e1008242. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008242
Pechenkina, E. (2017). Flipping diverse classrooms: Instructor experiences and perceptions. 'Me, Us, IT!', Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Innovation, Practice and Research in the Use of Educational Technologies in Tertiary Education (ASCILITE 2017), University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia, 4-6 December 2015.
Rapanta, C.,?Botturi, L., Goodyear, P., Guàrdia, L., & Koole, M. (2020).?Online University Teaching During and After the Covid-19 Crisis: Refocusing Teacher Presence and Learning Activity. Postdigital?Science and Education, 2, 923-945. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-020-00155-y
Reidsema, C., Kavanagh, L., Hadgraft, R., & Smith, N. (2017). The flipped classroom: Practice and practices in higher education. Springer eBooks.
Silverman, D. (2010). Doing Qualitative Research. Third Edition. Sage Publications Ltd.
Strayer, J. F. (2012). How learning in an inverted classroom influences cooperation, innovation and task orientation. Learning Environments Research, 15(2), 171-193.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-012-9108-4
The University of Texas at Austin. (2019). Flipped Classroom. Faculty Innovation Center. https://facultyinnovate.utexas.edu/flipped-classroom
UNESCO. (2020). COVID-19 Educational Disruption and Response. https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse/
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2022 Jolanta Hudson